Could I thank Michelle for her questions? Let me be absolutely clear for the Member and for the Chamber: this is not about replacing teachers with computers; it is about being able to supply teachers with instantaneous, good-quality information about the abilities of an individual child—something that, at the moment, we do in one way, but I think we can improve upon it.

As I said in my statement, the purpose of these tests is absolutely about the child. It’s about having the information that we need for teachers and parents to assess how we help that child to develop more. The fact that actually it reduces workload on teachers and gives us better quality information in a better time frame are some of the other reasons why this is a good thing to do. But I try and judge myself, in everything that I do, Michelle, on the basis of the mantra ‘child first and always’. I judge that moving to these systems is better for individual children in Wales.

We are all concerned about screen time for children and the impact of digital technology on children’s lives. We spent a great deal of time last week in this Chamber debating that. We all acknowledge that there are disbenefits and benefits, but let me be clear: this is a test over a short period of time that probably most schools will decide to do only once a year. This is not sitting children in front of a screen for hours and hours and hours. I reiterate again: this is not about replacing teachers with computers; this is allowing us to harness the power of new technology to help teachers do even better for the children in their classroom.