Can I also join others in thanking Russell George and the committee for this report? The report certainly highlights a number of very important issues about the need to focus on delivering improved outcomes for our communities from the deals, and to avoid the burden of bureaucracy that runs throughout that report. And that's never easy because, for example, since this particular scrutiny work started, we saw the publication of 'Our Valleys, Our Future', which is another layer of expectations to be delivered by many of the same bodies. Yet, that vital relationship between the city deal and the Valleys strategy doesn't seem to have formed any clear part of the committee's considerations, at least not that which is reflected on the face of the report, which I think is a point that Hefin was making. And I accept that that may just be a matter of timing, because there is evidence in the report—from the submissions of the Bevan Foundation, Joseph Rowntree Foundation and the Wales TUC, and, indeed, Russell George alluded to it himself in his opening remarks—that the needs of our most disadvantaged communities were raised. I'd be interested to hear how those matters weighed in the deliberations of the committee.

Llywydd, the comments I want to make are not aimed specifically at any particular recommendations but are more general to the report's conclusions as a whole. But again, to echo some of the points made by Hefin and also by Vikki Howells, to achieve that end, the deal has to deliver tangible benefits to all the citizens in the region. So, if Cardiff and Newport get shiny, new investments out of the deal, I won't be complaining about that—they'll be regional assets and we'll all use them. But clearly, that in itself will not be sufficient to say that it's been a success. Success will be the upgrading of skills and economic opportunities in places like Merthyr Tydfil, delivering even better connections from the wider region into Merthyr, identified as arguably one of the most significant Valleys economic hubs. That will be absolutely vital, because with better connections into places like Merthyr, then public investment decisions, including locations for public sector investment, not only make sense but can be justified with tangible outcomes like jobs and economic growth.

Success will be areas like the upper Rhymney valley feeling an uplift because many of the partners across the wider region, including the other nine local authorities now in partnership with Caerphilly, will have seen and recognised the needs of these communities. Success will be seeing areas like neighbouring Blaenau Gwent benefiting, because that Heads of the Valleys axis of Merthyr, Rhymney and Blaenau Gwent are the very areas most in need of what I would call a better deal, not just a city deal. If I can quote from the Chair's foreword to the report,

'If deals are to be a key driver of future economic activity in Wales, then we need to ensure there is clarity about what is happening'.

Well, those of us who represent Valleys communities have a very clear view about what needs to happen in those areas of greatest disadvantage. A city deal must help improve the places that need that better deal. Only then will it be a success.