Thank you for the comments and questions. I think it's a reflection of the fact about how much the NHS has progressed in terms of the level of activity that now takes place—the level of demand that comes through the doors of the national health service in local healthcare and in hospital settings and the ability of the national health service to do more. This is part of our challenge. It also goes along, of course, together with the demographic rise and the fact that more of us live longer—a celebration, yes, but also a challenge for the health service. But also the fact that the health of the nation has not improved in every single aspect. Part of the challenges we see coming through our doors are driven by poor population health outcomes.

I agree with you that individual staff, particularly—and this is almost always where it happens— . I go back to my previous life when I, at one point, represented some of Dawn Bowden's members and others in and around healthcare services, in Health and Care Professions Council and Nursing and Midwifery Council hearings and fitness-to-practice hearings, and, actually, you tend to see more junior staff carrying the can for individual system failures and you tend not to see senior registrars being brought for those regulatory hearings. I don't think that's right and we need to think again about the culture we create and the regulatory environment that recognises individual and collective responsibility in doing so.

I also recognise that part of the reason why juniors feel particularly put upon—. I don't think you can really underestimate this, but I'm still struck, even in Wales, by the anger that exists about the junior doctors' dispute and strike. Even though lots of juniors said they felt grateful for the fact they were in Wales and not in England at the time, it really has poisoned the well in terms of how juniors feel about the whole health service and their willingness to not just train here but then to commit to remaining within the UK as well. That contract is part of where we are in our conversation with junior doctors. So, I meet the British Medical Association on a regular basis and they regularly bring the chair of their junior doctors committee to that, partly because it's time we had a conversation about the contract and the dispute, but it's more about what we then do, because rotas—that's all part of the conversation that we have. So, I continue to have an open and constructive conversation with the British Medical Association, and I expect to continue to see representatives from their junior doctors, because we need to particularly understand the particular challenges they face, because, after all, they're part of the future of the service.