I count myself as being very lucky to be living on the island where I was brought up. I have lived in Cardiff, I have lived in London, I have spent time working overseas, but I chose to return to Anglesey around 13 years ago, and it does mean a lot to me. Everyone is different, of course. Wherever you are in the world, there are young people who can't wait to leave their square mile, who want to go and see the world, to break free from the shackles of their youth. I don't doubt that I myself felt the same when I was in my teens. We're certainly not asking the young people of Wales to limit their horizons here.

But, many young people, as they turn into slightly older people, do see value in their community, in their square mile, but they find themselves in a situation where they can't see how they can settle in their communities and raise their families in their square miles. The situation where young people want to stay in their square mile, but see that they don't have any options and have no choice but to leave, is heartbreaking. I'm living in the midst of it, and I'm not content to just accept that that's the way it is and that we can't do anything about it, because there are things that we can do, and I'm very pleased to be part of this debate this afternoon, so that we can discuss some of these ideas—ideas from across the parties, hopefully.

We do have to ensure that there are homes for our young people; we have to ensure that there are training opportunities available; we have to ensure that jobs are available. We need to promote small businesses, to promote entrepreneurship—I agree entirely with the Member for Llanelli—to promote innovation, not just in the policies that we create here, but in what's happening at a grass-roots level on the ground, so that our rural communities in Wales are a cradle of innovation and an exciting place to live and work in.

I remember when Anglesey Aluminium closed. Good friends of mine left the island. The schools lost children; my children lost friends. Those families were heartbroken, and I think of one family in particular who returned to the nuclear industry, as it happens. I'll refer to nuclear quickly. There are honourable people who are opposed to nuclear in principle who criticise me, sometimes, for being willing to collaborate with the new Wylfa development. I'm not a cheerleader for nuclear at all, I would far prefer to see investment going into renewable energy, but I see those young people, young people who perhaps have the skills in nuclear already, who say, 'Rhun, please help us to have a future'. They want to stay in Anglesey and I want them to stay. There is a mix that we need to look at in that regard.

But I'll turn to another area that is important to me, which is opportunities in healthcare. Perhaps you will have heard me, Siân Gwenllian and others say, perhaps, that we want to see a medical education facility in Bangor. That's something that we've said very often. But we do need to train more doctors, and we need to do that in rural parts of Wales. Less than one third of students in medical schools in Wales come from Wales. The figure is 80 per cent in Northern Ireland, and, in England, I think it's around 50 per cent, and a little more in Scotland. I have seen figures that show that almost three quarters of our young people in Wales who want to go into medicine end up working in the NHS in England. Now, that brain drain is something that should frighten every one of us. It is a general brain drain. We're losing far too many of our brightest young people, our human capital, and we are losing the social contribution that they can make. 

But, of course, the NHS needs them as well—we're short of doctors. I will mention some statistics here. One series of studies shows that what contributes to where doctors work in terms of their commitment to rural areas, is, first, whether they have a rural background themselves, second, the access to rural medicine during their studies, and, third, training targeted towards working in a rural area. Now, in Norway, 56 per cent of graduates from medical schools in Tromsø, in the north of Norway, remain in those rural areas. Of those who have been brought up in those rural areas, the percentage is even higher—82 per cent, according to the figures that I have. We need to train doctors in rural parts of Wales to keep them in rural Wales. That's only one part of the picture that could give new energy to our rural areas and Wales as a whole, because we can't afford to lose our young people any more.