Diolch yn fawr, Llywydd, and I'd like to thank Members for taking part in this important debate. Rape is, of course, as some Members have already said, a particularly horrible crime. It is also true that most women will have had some experience that we didn't want, and all of us in this room will know somebody who's been raped. You may not know that you know somebody who's been raped, but you do, because sexual violence, particularly against women, is so pervasive in our culture.

There have been so many really good contributions that I'm not going to be able to respond to them all, but I will get through as many as I can. As the Deputy Minister has said, Leanne Wood set out the context, set out the facts, and they are chilling. Several Members mentioned the importance of the culture around these issues, and when we have children and young people growing up in a world that is poisoned by particularly horrible pornography, where boys and girls grow up thinking that things are normal when they are not—. A very clear message when Sally and David Challen came to our Assembly last week: when Sally was asked what could people have done, she said that part of her problem was she didn't realise that what was happening to her wasn't normal, and she said that what we need to do is two things, as has been pointed out—that all we need to take responsibility for not being bystanders and to ask questions when we see patterns of behaviour that we know are wrong. But we also need to start that very, very early so that our children don't grow up thinking that men coercing women and sometimes boys—other men and boys—into sexual acts is in any way normal. 

I think Mandy Jones's question about when did we start blaming the victims is a really valid one. Having been involved in active campaigns around these issues since the 1980s, Llywydd, I did believe that things were getting better, and I'm sadly convinced that now they are not and in some ways we are going backwards. I can't honestly say that, if my friend or my daughter came to me today having been raped and asked if she should report it—I cannot put my hand on my heart and say that I could safely encourage her to do that with the system as it is. And it pains me dreadfully to say that because, as Jenny has said, these experiences are so common, if you don't make a report, you're left wondering how many other women or other victims will suffer at the hands of this individual. But I cannot honestly say that I would say to my best friend, 'Go to the police', because of some of the experiences that we've heard.

I'd particularly like to pick up on some parts of Joyce Watson's contribution, because I think the way that we react to people making allegations of sexual violence, particularly women and girls, is so different from the way we react to other allegations of violent crime. I cannot imagine that a man who has come forward with an allegation of grievous bodily harm against another man would have his telephone confiscated, and would be expected to share all his private information. And I know, because I've had those conversations, as Joyce has, that that does deter young women and girls. We all have probably on our social media profiles things that may be complicated, things that we may want to keep private. Why would we ask a woman to share that? Why is that relevant, when we don't do that for any of the victims of other violent crimes?  

I want to respond to some of the points that have been made about false allegations. Obviously, any false allegation of any offence is completely unacceptable and it should be prosecuted, but we work in a culture where people assume that it is more likely that people who are making allegations of sexual violence are lying, and that is just not true. If we look at all the statistics and all the research that's ever been done, it shows that the level of false allegations about sexual offences is just a little bit lower than the levels of false allegations about all sorts of other things—about on a par in some studies, lower in others.