Part of the debate – in the Senedd at 6:24 pm on 13 July 2021.
I've just understood the Conservatives' economic policy: you spend more, and you tax less. I'm not quite sure how that has worked, and I'm sure that Peter Fox didn't do that when he was leading Monmouthshire County Council, so why he wants the Welsh Government to do it, I'm not quite sure.
The aim of every budget is the same: to improve health, improve the environment, reduce carbon emissions, improve educational attainment, improve the economy and improve the quality of life of the people of Wales. What will happen is there will be a substantial increase in funding for the health budget, which will, via health boards, send the money to hospitals to undertake treatment.
I want to talk about something different: promoting health, instead of just dealing with sickness. Health can be promoted by encouraging healthy activities, regular physical exercise, reducing or avoiding unhealthy activity or situations, such as smoking or excessive stress. We know that the following improves health: washing your hands. We've seen a substantial reduction in stomach problems and gastric problems in the last 18 months, when people have been sanitising and washing their hands continually. I've heard from at least one health board that it's gone down by about 90 per cent. We need to sleep regularly—improve our sleep hygiene—maintain good posture, drink plenty of fluids, be more active, get 150 minutes of aerobic exercise a week, minimise stress levels and reduce pollution. The less traffic we have on the road, the more we reduce pollution, and far too many of my constituents live near roads where they are 1m away from, when they get out of their front door, where the nitrogen oxides that are coming in there are damaging their health.
And, of course, can I take you on to the major one: obesity? Obesity is our biggest problem. It'll soon be our biggest killer. High blood pressure is caused because additional fat tissue in the body needs oxygen and nutrients in order to live. Obesity is the major cause of type 2 diabetes. If current trends continue, we'll have 300,000 people in Wales with diabetes, and that will cost the NHS over £500 million a year. And I'm talking about type 2 diabetes, not type 1 diabetes, which is entirely different. Around 80 per cent is spent on managing complications, most of which could be prevented. Heart disease with hardening of the arteries is present 10 times more often in obese people than it is in people who are not obese.
Whilst we've seen a continuing reduction in smoking, which is really one of the great successes—and I'm sure all Governments will claim credit for it, but I think it's one of the great successes we've seen; people smoke substantially less, and it's become something that is not really socially acceptable any more—what we have is people eating themselves into obesity. The Welsh Government needs to promote a healthy lifestyle, and thus reduce the number of people with ill-health conditions.
Is it any surprise that people with a poor diet, living in cold, damp conditions, are more likely to have ill health? The Attlee Government from 1945-51 realised the link between housing and health. Unfortunately, that has not been followed by any Government since. We need to build high-quality council houses across Wales to improve people's lives and health. Improving the environment and providing green spaces and better air quality improves health.
Turning to some other areas, as we know, we are fast losing biodiversity in Wales. The latest 'State of Natural Resources Report' states that the overall trend is one of serious decline, reflecting the global, internationally recognised, nature emergency. On the economy, successful areas in the world, including the UK, have high-quality universities, a ready supply of new graduates and a critical mass of technology companies, with research and development taking place, and a large number of start-up companies. Can the Welsh Government economic policy target life sciences, ICT and financial services? I don't think I'm the only one who thinks we need more Admirals and fewer LGs. Investing in our schools and young people is an investment in the future. The pandemic has shown how important local government is and how, when we need it, it provides not just the basic services, but can get out there and provide all the support that is necessary.
Finally, in 2022, it will be entirely different to 2019. Working from home and online shopping are here to stay. They were a direction of travel the economy was going in up till 2019; they were going slowly. What we saw was the pandemic turbo-charge those, but people aren't going back—the number of people I talk to in different places where working from home some or all of the time is the new norm. And there's no reason to go into some workplaces. If all you're doing is accessing a database that isn't even in the office you're going into, then why do you need to go into that office to do it? You can do it from anywhere. The database might be in Dublin or it might be outside Newport—why do you need to go into an office in Cardiff Bay or in Swansea to do it?
And can I just say how disappointed I am the Welsh Government is still building a second Llandeilo bypass? The A40 is the first one.