Diolch. I move amendments 1, 2 and 3. As the Bevan Foundation's report 'Debt in the pandemic' states,

'Thousands of people across Wales were living in problem debt long before the pandemic.'

Although

'Home working and reduced opportunities to spend due to COVID-19 restrictions have enabled some households to pay down debt....The economic impact of Covid-19 has seen the financial position of many Welsh families deteriorate, pushing some into problem debt for the first time and deepening the amount of debt owed by some of those already struggling.'

As this makes clear, the issue is problem debt, not simply debt, which includes, of course, risk-based mortgages and car loans. Hence our proposed replacement of point 5(c) of the motion in calling instead for the Welsh Government to work with public bodies, including schools and colleges, to explore measures to prevent problem debt. I have in mind the extensive work done on this issue during previous Senedd terms. I was a Member of the Communities and Culture Committee that produced the 'Financial Inclusion and the Impact of Financial Education' report 11 years ago. Quoting Les Cooper, then co-ordinator of the north Wales financial capability forum but sadly no longer with us, this stated that

'the resources and methods that are currently used to increase financial capability "do not address the basic skills challenges we have in Wales."'

Les had championed the award-winning scheme in some Flintshire schools that delivered financial literacy through participative theatrical performance. They even brought their production to the Senedd in the hope that this best-practice model, 11 years or more ago, would be shared and adopted across Wales.

Questioning the First Minister here in January 2018, I quoted Money Advice Service research, which found that many young people in Wales are ill-prepared for dealing with adult financial responsibilities, with just 35 per cent learning about money management in school. I asked him to revisit the recommendations of the 2010 Communities and Culture Committee report. 

Our other amendments today call for Welsh Government action to tackle fuel poverty, including the production of regular estimates of the number of fuel-poor households in Wales, where previous estimates have been sporadic, in 2004, 2008 and 2018. 

In 2018, prior to the pandemic, it was estimated that 12 per cent or 155,000 households in Wales were in fuel poverty. Prior to COVID, Wales saw a 45 per cent increase in 2019-20 excess winter deaths. Wales has some of the oldest and least thermally efficient housing stock compared to the UK and Europe.

On 1 October, the energy price cap set by the energy regulator, the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, increased after gas prices hit a record high as the world emerged from lockdown. Although the price cap ensures that suppliers only pass on legitimate costs to customers, National Energy Action Cymru has estimated that this rise could plunge 22,500 more households in Wales into fuel poverty this winter, and that we could see the numbers in fuel poverty rise by 50 per cent or more compared to 2018 estimates. It called for deeper protection for low-income households this winter.

NEA added that the Welsh Government has a vital role to play to support fuel-poor households across tenure to retrofit and upgrade the energy efficiency of their homes, and called on the Welsh Government to expand the financial support available to assist those struggling to meet growing energy bills, as well as, longer term, investing in home energy efficiency, prioritising the poorest households in the least efficient homes.

Speaking here in 2018, I noted that the annual cost to the Welsh NHS of treating people made ill by living in a cold, damp home was approximately £67 million annually then. Cold homes have also been linked to poor mental health, social isolation and reduced educational attainment.

It is nearly three years since the Welsh Government stated that it would be developing a cold weather plan in conjunction with Public Health Wales. When I asked the social justice Minister here last month what specific year-round cold weather resilience planning the Welsh Government is planning now, the Minister replied,

'We will have a cold weather plan in place'.

But, we needed this published and operating before another cold winter was upon us.

The UK Government announced another freeze on fuel duty in its autumn budget, recognising that fuel is a major cost for households and businesses. As drafted, Plaid Cymru's proposal to reform the rural fuel duty relief scheme could penalise rural residents and businesses, which nonetheless retain poor public transport connectivity.