Thank you for your statement, Minister. You quite rightly mentioned the massacres that have occurred since the Holocaust, but I just want to mention a couple of the massacres that occurred during and immediately after the first world war, which are very vividly and passionately remembered by many of my constituents. Sioned Williams has just mentioned the Armenian massacre of 1915. This was a Turkish Government-sanctioned attempt to exterminate the Armenian people. Over 1 million Armenians were murdered, using many of the methods subsequently adopted by the Nazis: forced eviction, forced marches, starvation, stabbing, and ultimately firing squads and burial in thinly disguised mass graves. All of this is painstakingly recorded by Patrick Thomas, the Carmarthenshire priest, who is revered by Welsh Armenians.

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre in Amritsar of 1919 cannot be described as an extermination—the unarmed civilians who were gunned down are counted in their thousands rather than the millions—but the fact that the massacre was carried out by the British army in order to suppress demands for Indian independence should make it equally shocking, because it was carried out in our name, or in the name of the British empire. Roundly denounced by Winston Churchill in the House of Commons, it has never led to a formal apology to the Indians, and particularly the Sikhs—