This is a very timely debate as January is Love Your Liver Awareness Month, and today, 11 January, is National Less Survivable Cancers Awareness Day. This debate emanates from the work of the cross-party group on liver disease and liver cancer, which is a group that I'm proud to be a part of. Through that group, I and others commit to drawing attention to the crisis that we are facing in terms of liver disease—because as the motion demonstrates, it is a crisis—and the policy options then to improve early diagnosis, to improve treatment and, vitally important, to improve outcomes for patients in all parts of Wales. 

As I say, liver disease and liver cancer are a public health crisis in Wales. The number of people who receive a diagnosis of liver disease has more than trebled here over a period of 20 years, and of all of the nations of the United Kingdom, Wales has the highest mortality rate from liver disease. Nine of every 10 liver cancer patients in Wales dies within five years of receiving a diagnosis, which is, again, higher than the UK average. I'm afraid that things could get even worse, and it could get worse this winter as the poorest face the impacts of the cost-of-living crisis and fuel poverty. We could see an increase in mortality as a result of liver disease, as we saw back in 2020 during the COVID pandemic.

We are also talking here, of course, about something that places a huge burden on the NHS. Admission rates to hospital due to liver disease increased 25 per cent between 2020 and 2021. Last year, the figure was almost 26,000 admissions, and considering the pitiful situation facing the NHS at the moment and the pressure on it from every which way, we don't need to emphasise the need to get that figure down.

It's worth drawing attention to the fact that there is a large variance from area to area and between different health boards in terms of outcomes. For example, in 2020, the mortality rate resulting from liver disease in the Swansea bay health board, around 26.7 for every 100,000 people, was more than twice the rate in Hywel Dda, and it was around 33 per cent, a third, higher than the national average. Any inconsistency from area to area is something that is always very important to tackle.

But—and this is very, very important—we can prevent liver disease almost entirely. Around 10 per cent of cases are a result of genetic conditions and auto-immune conditions, but around 90 per cent are caused by alcohol misuse, by obesity and by viral hepatitis. That's why investing in preventative measures is crucial, and we have to ensure that strategies to tackle obesity, strategies to tackle alcohol misuse are robust. That's vitally important. We also have to ensure that, within wider public health measures, liver disease receives the appropriate attention. We have to deal with stigma. We also have to be very clear about how we meet the target in terms of reducing cases of liver disease, targets that are outlined in the quality statement.

But where the disease develops in individuals, we do need to ensure access then to specialist care, and thousands are dying needlessly, I'm afraid, without access to that specialist care, because of the lack of resources in services. The most important resource, as across the NHS, of course, is the workforce, and in bald terms, the Welsh Government needs to double the hepatology workforce in Wales, as the motion states.

And finally, as the liver disease implementation group is abolished, there is a danger that there'll be less supervision and oversight in this area. We can't afford to let that happen, because as a result of the frightening increase in cases in recent years, the size of the crisis is clear. The Senedd needs to support this motion as a clear statement that we realise the scale of the challenge, and the Government's amendment doesn't do that adequately, I'm afraid.