I just wanted to concentrate on recommendations 3, 7 and 9 in my response. With regard to recommendation 3, which asks what the Welsh Government could do to harness expertise and contacts across Wales and within the Welsh diaspora, one of the things I'd say is there is progress being made in Wales in this area in universities, and they are involving expertise from across Wales and outside. For example, just earlier this year, I helped launch the Cardiff Metropolitan University's Cardiff school of technologies, which is one example of how higher education institutions can harness research and academic expertise.

I also last week helped launch the Supercomputing Wales programme, which is a £15 million programme of investment from Welsh Government and European funding, which is combining Cardiff University, Swansea University, Aberystwyth and Bangor universities to look at various different projects to develop computing intelligence to develop projects. One of the things that was most interesting about that, I found, was that it wasn't just about end products, such as the super car and microbiology; it's also about how we understand social science. Professor Roger Whitaker had a paper on networks and how computers can help us understand networks of social interactions between human beings. This is exactly what I was talking about in the previous debate when I referred to social capital. So, computers are helping us understand the complex socially constructed environment in which we live. I think that's massive and hugely interesting in how we develop our understanding of society. So, social science is playing a role there.

With regard to recommendation 7, which urges the Welsh Government to consider the role it should play in encouraging connected and autonomous vehicle—CAV—companies to share pre-crash data to accelerate learning, I just want to draw the Chamber's attention to page 36 of the report. We had a very interesting exchange with Dr Nieuwenhuis, who told the committee that,

'a lot of cars out there are probably hackable today'

—connected and autonomous vehicles are probably hackable today—

'in fact, some of them have been hacked. So, what we need to avoid is a scenario whereby somebody with evil intent could suddenly hack tens of thousands of cars and use them to run over people in cities or something like that, which, theoretically, would be possible.'

I'd say it's not even theoretically possible: it's feasible; and certainly something that is entirely plausible in the environment in which we live today. In the Welsh Government's response, they say that regulation affecting CAV is non-devolved to Wales and, therefore, Welsh Government officials will engage with UK Government via the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy. Depending on the pace at which this technology develops, this may not always be the case, and I'm hoping that the current devolution settlement we've got won't be the permanent one. And should the Welsh Government ever take responsibility for this, then it's important that we keep our eye on what is changing in this area.

And, finally—. If I can find my papers—. I'm all over the place because I was preparing for the previous debate as well. Finally, with recommendation 9, it states that,

'In developing its vision for post compulsory education, the Welsh Government should refocus and redevelop its support for lifelong learning, creating new and accessible ways for workers at risk of displacement by automation in the first waves to retrain and upskill.'

And one of the things—. The main concern of the Welsh Government's response is the personal learning account pilot scheme, which would fund personal vocational retraining in sectors with a skills shortage. Now, that's all very well, but people need to know that their contribution has more than just a monetary value and that the contribution that they have to make will be valued when they leave education. And I would have liked to have heard more from the Welsh Government on that specific area as to how we are going to develop the vision within post-compulsory education and training. The Government will be developing legislation on this—on post-compulsory education and training—in the near future, and I think we need to understand that industry 4.0 will play a huge role in the development of education and training. And, I think, on recommendation 9, the Welsh Government's response falls a little bit short as to what I would expect to see, which, sort of, echoes the Chair of the committee's comments in his opening remarks.